Résumé
Silk Fibroin is widely used as a green biomaterial in various fields of research like textiles, biomedical engineering biotechnology, electronics, photonics and energy research. This is because SF can be reconstituted in numerous forms by physical and chemical processes in numbers of studies have attempted to incorporate addition to its unique functional aspects that can be incorporated into SF while maintaining its beneficial natural characters. This new area of biotechnology with bio-nanocomposites is the result of breakthroughs in nanoscience and nanotechnology. SF bio-nanocomposites and their innovative applications for the use of these SF bio-nanocomposites materials have been developed in recent years and these are documented in previous chapters of this book. In this chapter, we report on the advanced research of the engineering of silk fibroin bio-nanocomposites suitable for emerging technologies. Though the formulation of silk fibroin is a natural process, carried out with silkworms, it can be modified with the mulberry leaves which are the silkworm feed. Further, silk fibroin can be changed by doping rare earth elements or by incorporating their nanoparticles at different stages of its formulations. Thus, the properties of silk fibroin are engineered suitably to meet the requirements of various devices with different methods reported recently in the literature. Lastly, the hypothetical applications of silk fibroin in protecting healthcare buildings (hospitals) from pathogenic infections specifically with photocatalytic disinfection of pathogens have been reported in this chapter. This innovative emerging potential application of silk fibroin seems to be an attractive solution to control the spread of communicable diseases like COVID-19. The chapter ends with a report on a recent method based on microwave applications in which formulation of time SF bio-nanocomposites. This modification is reduced synthesis time from 52 hours to 4 hours. This alteration is predicted as a significant step towards commercialization of formulation of SF bio-nanocomposites technologies newly developed in recent years. © 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Résumé
Impaired wound recovery can fail to local hypoxia or tissue necrosis and ultimately result in abnormality or even death. Several factors can influence the wound healing environment, including bacterial or fungal infections, different disease states, desiccation, edema, and even systemic viral infections such as COVID-19. Silk fibroin, the fibrous structural-protein component in silk, has emerged as a promising treatment for these impaired processes by promoting functional tissue regeneration. Silk fibroin's dynamic properties allow for customizable nanoarchitectures, which can be tailored for effectively treating various wound healing impairments. Wound dressing materials designed from biocompatible and biodegradable polymersare widely used in wound healing. The present investigation deals withthe preparation of a unique blend of Silk Fibroin (SF)-Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) and ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) composite film (SF-PVAZnO NPs). The comparison of blend of SF- PVA and SF-PVA-ZnO Ps composite films were studied. The physical-chemicalcharacterizations of synthesized ZnO NPs and prepared composite films (SF-PVA and SF-PVA-ZnO) were studied. The field emission scanning electron microscopy confirmed the ZnO NPs embedded into SF-PVA composite film. The SF-PVA-ZnO NPs composite film showed enhanced mechanical property due to ZnO NPs. Antibacterial activity of the prepared composite filmsreveals that embedded ZnO NPs shows excellent antibacterial activity against wound infection-causing microorganisms. SF-PVA-ZnO composite film showed enhanced swelling behavior and faster blood clotting ability compared to control SF-PVA composite film. In-vitro cytocompatibility study exhibits the nontoxic nature of the synthesized SF-PVA-ZnO composite film. These studies confirm the designed composite film holds a huge potential to be used in dressing material for infected wound. © 2023 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.
Résumé
Ayurveda has given much importance to prevent the diseases by stating var-ious measures. Medicated smoke fumigation (Dhoopana) is one of such measures described for disinfection as well as protection from poisonous animals and insects. Herbal, herbo-mineral and animal origin formulations containing volatile oil and having antimicrobial property are used for medicated smoke fumigation. Fumigation with such drugs is safe, natural and cost effective technique. Mosquito borne diseases are major human health problem in all tropical and subtropical countries by affecting millions of people each year. Commercial repellents like Allethrin, DEET have been reported many harmful effects for humans. There is a need for further standardised studies in order to develop new products that offer high repellency as well as good consumer safety. A review is planned to investigate ingredients of Jatwadi Dhoom Agad through analyzing published experimental research work. Out of eight ingredients of Jatwadi Dhoom Agad, two showed mosquito repellent effect and three have mosquito larvicidal effect. This paper is foot step in the efforts to estab-lish probable mode of action of Jatwadi Dhoom Agad as insect repellent. The effect of smoke of these drugs may be repellent for mosquitoes. All drugs have shown antimicrobial activity in vitro. This product has potential to be used as fumigation product in current COVID 19 pandemic.